Delphine Arsenault

The information in this biography was published in 2015, based on interviews prior to that date. Later events and accomplishments may not be included.

Image
Name
Arsenault, Delphine
Pronunciation Guide
AR-se-no
Dates
1912-1983
Where Raised
Occupation
Housewife

English | Français

    Delphine Arsenault was a multi-talented musician. She played the fiddle, the pump organ, and the harmonica. She was also a very good step-dancer and a singer. Music flowed in her veins. She was born into a very musical family of Abrams Village, the 10th in a family of 16 children. Her father, Joseph Arsenault, better known as Jos Bibienne, was an accomplished fiddler. Her mother, Julie-Anne, was a good singer and step-dancer. All of their children learned to play the fiddle as well as other instruments. Music was indeed a way of life in this large and poor family.

    Delphine took up fiddling when she was about 8 years old. Like everyone else in the family, she learned to play by ear, imitating the way that her father, brothers and sisters played. She got some supervision from her father, but not very much, as he generally left his children to learn by themselves.

    In Delphine's words, her father was "a jack of all trades, and master of none". He was a blacksmith, carpenter, painter, farmer.... One thing that he was not, was a rich man. With such a big family, it was almost impossible to make ends meet. Delphine, like her brothers and sisters, sometimes didn't attend school in the winter because her parents couldn't afford to buy her boots.

    But the family was rich in music and entertainment. Up to five fiddles hung on the walls in the living room, and several other instruments could be found in the house. They had a peddle organ, a mandolin, mouth-organs, and a few jew's harps. In the summer, they sometimes took their instruments outside and played under the apple trees. On a calm day, their lively music could be heard at the other end of the village!

    The Jos Bibienne children were much sought-after fiddlers at local house parties, and supplied the music for square-dancing. Delphine, as well as her sisters Louise, Kate, Rita, Marie, and ZĂ©lie-Anne, were among the first women fiddlers on Prince Edward Island to play regularly at community dances. In those days, female fiddlers were a curiosity fiddling being considered by and large to be a man's calling.

    Delphine married Aquilin Arsenault in 1935 when she was 23 years old. Like her mother, she had a big family, 13 children, two of whom died in infancy. Although she had her hands full while raising her children, Delphine still found time to play her fiddle. She usually brought it out when she had company, and loved to entertain children. She often participated in fiddling and step-dancing contests and won many prizes. She spent the last years of her life in a small apartment in Summerside. Years after her passing, her music served as inspiration to the internationally acclaimed group Barachois, which included several of her songs and tunes on their recordings.

    Delphine Arsenault Ă©tait une musicienne aux talents variĂ©s. Elle jouait du violon, de l'harmonium et de l'harmonica. Elle Ă©tait aussi une excellente gigueuse et une bonne chanteuse. La musique coulait dans ses veines. Elle est nĂ©e en 1912 dans une famille très musicale d'Abram-Village, Ă  l'ĂŽle-du-Prince-Édouard. Elle Ă©tait la dixième dans une famille de seize enfants. Son père, Joseph Arsenault, mieux connu comme Jos Bibienne, Ă©tait un violoneux talentueux. Sa mère , Julie-Anne, avait une bonne voix et elle savait giguer. Tous leurs enfants ont appris le violon et d'autres instruments. La musique tenait Ă©videmment une place spĂ©ciale dans le quotidien de cette grande famille.

    Comme ses frères et soeurs, Delphine a appris Ă  jouer le violon quand elle avait environ huit ans. Elle a appris Ă  jouer Ă  l'oreille, imitant son père et les autres membres de la famille. C'est comme ça qu'on apprenait Ă  l'Ă©poque. Bien sĂ»r, son père lui a donnĂ© quelques brèves leçons, mais très peu. Il laissait plutĂ´t ses enfants se dĂ©brouiller seuls.

    Selon Delphine, son père Ă©tait un homme Ă  tout faire. Il Ă©tait forgeron, charpentier, peintre, fermier. Une chose qu'il n'Ă©tait pas, c'Ă©tait un homme riche. Avec une si grande famille, il n'Ă©tait pas facile de joindre les deux bouts. Comme ses frères et ses soeurs, Delphine devait parfois s'abstenir de l'Ă©cole pendant une partie de l'hiver car ses parents n'avaient les moyens de lui acheter des bottes.

    Mais la famille Ă©tait riche en musique et en divertissement. Il y avait jusqu'Ă  cinq violons suspendus aux murs du salon, sans compter les autres instruments de musique. Ils avaient un harmonium, une mandoline, des harmonica et des trompes, c'est-Ă -dire des bombardes. Delphine raconte qu'une fois plusieurs de ses frères et soeurs  avaient pris tous les instruments et s'Ă©taient mis Ă  jouer ensemble. Sa mère, probablement un peu fatiguĂ©e et trouvant l'orchestre improvisĂ© trop bruyant, les avait chassĂ© dehors avec son balai.

    Pendant la belle saison, les enfants apportaient parfois leurs instruments Ă  l'extĂ©rieur et se mettaient Ă  jouer sous les pommiers. Si la journĂ©e Ă©tait calme, leur musique pouvait se faire entendre jusqu'Ă  l'autre bout du village!

    Rendue Ă  l'adolescence, Delphine voulait accompagner ses plus vieux frères et soeurs aux veillĂ©es de musique et de danse qui se dĂ©roulaient dans la communautĂ©. Mais il n'Ă©tait pas facile d'obtenir la permission de sa mère. « On devait se fâcher si on voulait y aller », raconte Delphine. Mais vers l'âge de 15-16 ans, elle obtenait gĂ©nĂ©ralement la permission d'y aller, mais seulement si elle Ă©tait accompagnĂ©e de ses frères. Les enfants de Jos Bibienne Ă©taient fort en demande dans ces veillĂ©es. Ils faisaient les frais de la musique pour la danse carrĂ©e, le passe-temps par excellence dans la campagne, surtout avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. 

    Delphine, avec ses soeurs Louise, Kate, Rita, Marie et ZĂ©lie-Anne, ont Ă©tĂ© parmi les premières violoneuses Ă  jouer rĂ©gulièrement pour les danses communautaires Ă  l'ĂŽle-du-Prince-Édouard. Ă€ l'Ă©poque, les violoneuses Ă©taient rares ailleurs dans l'ĂŽle. Le violon Ă©tait  plutĂ´t considĂ©rĂ© du domaine des hommes.

    En 1935, Ă  l'âge de 23 ans, Delphine se marie avec Aquilin Arsenault. Comme sa mère, elle a eu une grande famille, treize enfants, dont deux sont morts bĂ©bĂ©s. Bien qu'elle en avait plein les mains Ă  s'occuper de sa marmaille, Delphine trouvait encore le temps de jouer son violon. Elle le sortait pour divertir la compagnie et elle adorait jouer pour distraire ses enfants et leurs amis.     Elle a souvent participĂ© Ă  des concours de violon et de gigue oĂą elle a remportĂ© plusieurs prix.

    Delphine a passĂ© les dernières annĂ©es de sa vie dans un petit appartement Ă  Summerside. Souvent, pour se distraire, elle se mettait au violon ou encore elle jouait des reels Ă  l'harmonium, ce Ă  quoi elle excellait. Cette excellente musicienne est dĂ©cĂ©dĂ©e Ă  Summerside en 1983, Ă  l'âge de 71 ans. Heureusement, sa musique lui a survĂ©cu, car elle a inspirĂ©e entre autres le groupe Barachois. Cette formation acadienne de l'ĂŽle-du-Prince-Édouard, de rĂ©putation internationale, interprète d'ailleurs sur ses disques  plusieurs des chansons et des reels de Delphine Arsenault.

 

Text, photos and sound recordings provided by Georges Arsenault

--

Curator's note: Many of Delphine's audio selections, recorded by Georges Arsenault between 1973 and 1975 - with accompaniment by her sister Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier - represent excellent examples of the sound created by fiddle with pump organ accompaniment. Pump organs were once employed extensively on PEI as fiddle-accompaniment instruments, but the practice had all but disappeared by the early 1990s when much of the recording for this site was done.

 

Images

Zélie-Anne Poirier (née Arsenault) at the pump organ; Delphine Arsenault, on fiddle, Summerside, 1973
L-R: Zélie-Anne Arsenault, Delphine Arsenault with folklorist Georges Arsenault, 1973
Delphine Arsenault accompanies young step-dancer, 1960s
Delphine Arsenault at the pump organ, 1970s

Tune Selections

Old Man & Old Woman, The Accompanied by Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Ottawa Valley Reel Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Soldier's Joy Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Twin Sisters Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Me Love is But a Lassie Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Caber Feidh Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - C'était une vieille femme (St. Patrick's Day in the Morning) Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
St. Anne's Reel Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Delphine's Reel Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Marie Blanche Reel (Reel à Marie Blanche) Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier, pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Soldier's Joy (pump organ solo) Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - C'était une vieille femme (vocal) Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Fisher's Hornpipe Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Princess Reel Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Heather on the Hill Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Jean Bernard (Uncle Jim) Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - La Marmotteuse (Growling Old Man & Woman) Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Caber Feidh Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Devil's Dream Accompanied by Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Beautiful Swannee River Hornpipe Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Irish Washerwoman Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Sur la montagne du Loup (Mrs. McLeod of Rasay) Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Country Waltz Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
DArsenault Reel 1 Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Poirier, harmonium Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Princess Reel (pump organ solo) Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Money Musk (harmonica solo) Accompaniment: Jacques Arsenault gtr Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Reel à Joe Bibienne Accompanied by: Zélie-Anne Arsenault Poirier pump organ Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - St. Anne's Reel Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Ma petite bedaine j'ai mal au ventre (Fire on the Mountain) Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info
Arsenault, Delphine - Marie Ă  Pierre (Paddy on the Turnpike; pump organ solo) Unaccompanied Evangeline Coast / East Prince info